A Roman priest elected pope in 418, Boniface I had to face the usurpation of the antipope Eulalius before being confirmed by Emperor Honorius. During his pontificate, he defended ecclesiastical discipline, supported Saint Augustine against the Pelagians, and maintained Roman authority over Illyria and Gaul. He died in 422 after having consolidated peace in the Church.
Guided reading
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SAINT BONIFACE I, POPE AND CONFESSOR (422).
Contested election and the schism of Eulalius
Elected Pope in 418, Boniface I faced opposition from the antipope Eulalius, prompting the intervention of Emperor Honorius and a temporary exile for both claimants.
Boniface Boniface Pope from 418 to 422, successor of Zosimus. , a Roman by birth and son of Jocondus, took over the government of the Church after the death of Saint Zosimus (December 29, 418). He was a priest advanced in age, of eminent virtue, and very well-versed in the knowledge of ecclesiastical discipline. Elected against his will with the acclamation of all the people and the consent of the leading men of the city of Rome, he was consecrated in the Julian Basilica by seventy priests and nine bishops from various provinces. His elevation displeased three bishops and a few people attached to them; they gave their votes to the archdeacon Eulalius, an in triguing Eulalius Archdeacon and antipope who opposed Boniface I. and ambitious man, who was ordained in the Basilica of Constantinople. This antipope even forced the legitimate Pontiff to leave the Basilica of Saint Peter and to withdraw with his supporters to that of Saint Paul. The case was referred to an assembly of bishops who, unable to reach an agreement, decided that a larger council would be gathered to judge the whole affair. In the meantime, through the care of Emperor Honorius, Boniface and Eulalius Honorius Western Roman Emperor who abolished the gladiatorial games after the death of Telemachus. were ordered to leave the city and to withdraw, the latter to Antium (Anzio), and the former to the Basilica of Saint Felicity.
Restoration and the struggle against heresies
Reinstated by imperial decree, Boniface collaborated with Saint Augustine against Pelagianism and affirmed Roman authority over Illyria and Greece.
But Eulalius secretly entered the city and incited a sedition; Honorius was moved by this, and, by a rescript, ordered that he be expelled from Rome and that Boniface be brought back; an order which was confirmed by the decision of the council of bishops gathered in greater numbers. Boniface, restored to his see, occupied himself with putting an end to the discord; he also took measures to prevent the Church from being torn by new troubles upon his death. Although very learned himself, he did not cease to e xhort Saint Au saint Augustin Father of the Church and spiritual master of Possidius. gustine to respond to the writings of the Pelagians; this is why this doctor addressed his books to him, but with much deference, and less to enlighten him than to have him examine and correct his works. He showed great firmness against the bishops of Constantinople, who wanted to extend their jurisdiction into Illyria a nd into Illyrie Province disputed between the jurisdictions of Rome and Constantinople. certain provinces which, although then subject to the Eastern Empire, had always depended on the Western patriarchate. He vigorously maintained the rights of Rufus, Bi shop Rufus Bishop of Thessalonica and papal vicar in Greece. of Thessalonica, his vicar in Thessaly and Greece; he demanded that the elections of bishops, made in these regions, always be confirmed by Rufus and his successors, in accordance with ancient discipline. In the third of his letters, addressed to this same Rufus, one reads these words: "The blessed Peter, apostle, received from Our Lord the government of the whole Church which was founded upon him."
Ecclesiastical discipline and works
The Pope settled jurisdictional conflicts in Gaul, enacted liturgical rules, and had an oratory built at the cemetery of Saint Felicity.
He repriman ded Patr Patrocle Archbishop of Arles who attempted to extend his jurisdiction. oclus, Archbishop of Arles, who sought to extend his jurisdiction over the metropolises of Narbonne and Vienne. He forbade any woman, even a religious one, from touching priestly and sacred vestments, even to wash them; and that no one should burn incense in the church unless they were a minister of the Church. He built an oratory in the cemetery of Saint Felicity, near Sainte-Félicité Roman martyr to whom Boniface had a particular devotion. the body of this illustrious martyr, and also adorned the tomb of Saint Silvanus.
End of pontificate and burial
Boniface died in 422 after a four-year reign and was buried on the Via Salaria; Saint Celestine I succeeded him.
Saint Boniface died on October 25, 422, and was buried in the Catacomb of Saint Felicity, on the Via Salaria. In an ordination in the month of December, he had laid hands on thirteen priests, three deacons, and thirty-six bishops, destined for various provinces. He had held the see for four years and a few months. Saint Celesti ne I was his succe Saint Célestin Ier Successor of Boniface I to the See of Peter. ssor.
Proper of Rome and Godescard.
Annexes & related entities
Structured data for exploration: events, miracles, quotes, places, attributes, patronages, and important entities cited in the text.
Key Events
- Election to the pontificate on December 29, 418
- Schism with the antipope Eulalius
- Temporary exile to the Basilica of Saint Felicity by order of Honorius
- Restored to the papal see by decision of a council
- Struggle against Pelagianism with Saint Augustine
- Defense of the rights of the Western patriarchate in Illyria
- Repression of the ambitions of Patroclus of Arles
Quotes
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The blessed Peter, apostle, received from Our Lord the government of the whole Church which was founded upon him
Letter to Rufus of Thessalonica