Descended from the royal blood of Charlemagne, Rosalie left the Sicilian court at the age of fourteen to live as a solitary in caves on the Quisquina and Pellegrino mountains. She led a life of extreme austerity there, guided by angels, until her death in 1160. Her body, discovered intact in the 17th century, is credited with ending a plague epidemic in Palermo.
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SAINT ROSALIE OF PALERMO,
Origins and vocation
Rosalie, from the lineage of Charlemagne and the high Sicilian nobility, renounces a prestigious marriage at fourteen to dedicate herself to God.
Rosalie Rosalie 12th-century solitary virgin, patron saint of Palermo. , of the royal bloo d of Charle Charlemagne Emperor of the Franks and uncle of Saint Folquin. magne, was born in Palerme Birthplace and site of the saint's principal miracle. Palermo (Sicily) in 1130. Her father, lord of Rosez and Quisquina, was a knight renowned for his valor, whom Ro ger, King of Sicily, Roger, roi de Sicile King of Sicily at whose court Rosalia's father lived. attached to himself by keeping him at his court and giving him one of his relatives as a wife; he assigned him great estates and a residence in his palace. His daughter received an education in keeping with her high position and applied herself so much to the practice of virtue and the love of God that the beauty of her soul surpassed that of her face, which was the admiration of all who saw her. The Blessed Virgin watched with jealous care over the purity of the young child, and when lords of Sicily sought her hand, she appeared to her and advised her to withdraw from the world if she wished to keep herself for her Son. Rosalie did not hesitate, although she was only fourteen years old; leaving her father's palace, she took with her only a crucifix and her instruments of discipline. Under the guidance of two angels who served as her guides, she arrived on the mountain of Quisquina. Her guides indicated for her retreat a cave located in the middle of a wood that covered the summit. In this grotto, placed under the snows that envelop this mountain for several months, Rosalie spent long years, dividing her time between meditation, reading, and prayer. For food, she had roots, and for drink, the water that fell from the rocks. Often she received visits from the angels and from Our Lord who came to converse with her. Sometimes she would relax by engraving on the stone of her cell these words which are still read today: *Ego Rosalia, Sinibaldi Quisquini et Rosarum domini filia, amore Domini mei Jesu Chr isti in h Sinibaldi Father of Saint Rosalia, knight and lord. oc antro habitare decrevi*. One also sees in this cave a small fountain that she dug to collect the waters that filtered through the walls of the grotto; there is still a crude altar and a long piece of marble on which she took her rest, a seat carved into the rock, and a very old vine which, according to tradition, was planted by Saint Rosalie.
The Hermitage of Quisquina
Guided by angels, she established herself in an isolated cave on Mount Quisquina where she led a life of asceticism, prayer, and contemplation.
However, by order of her distraught family, the Saint was sought throughout all of Sicily. The angels warned her that she would soon be discovered if she remained on Mount Quisquina; so Rosalie, taking her crucifix in one hand and the pilgrim's staff in the other, headed toward Mount Pellegrino. The angels, onc mont Pellegrino Site of the saint's second retreat and death. e again, led her. They showed her, in the highest part of that mountain, a cave that God had destined for her. It had an opening barely sufficient to pass through, it was dimly lit, and the ground was so soaked by water that Rosalie could barely find a corner to rest without being in the mud. The vault was very low, so that the Saint was almost always bent over. It was in this dreadful retreat that she spent the last years of her life, having only herbs and acorns for sustenance. After eighteen years of this austere and penitent life, Our Lord called her to Him to give her the reward she had so well earned (September 4, 1160).
Retreat to Mount Pellegrino and death
To escape the searches of her family, she moved to Mount Pellegrino where she died in 1160 after eighteen years of eremitic life.
Her cult spread rapidly throughout Europe and even reached Africa. The two caves she had inhabited became two visited and highly frequented sanctuaries. However, her body had not been found. The water, falling on her drop by drop, had enveloped her in a stone as transparent as alabaster and as hard as crystal. Numerous searches had been made, they had dug everywhere and had discovered nothing. An opinion had spread among the people of Palermo that this holy body would only be found on the day when di Palerme Birthplace and site of the saint's principal miracle. vine vengeance would weigh upon the city. On May 29, the plague broke out in Palermo and, a few days later, the body th at wa peste Epidemic that ceased after the exposition of the saint's relics. s being sought was found by breaking this long alabaster stone of which we have spoken. However, the plague continued its ravages and many plague victims obtained their healing by invoking Saint Rosalie. On January 22, 1625, after much hesitation, this venerated body was exposed in public, and the plague ceased suddenly. Following these striking miracles, a magnificent chapel was erected to Saint Rosalie and her bones were deposited there, enclosed in a beautiful silver reliquary. Since that time, the cave of Mount Pellegrino has become a sanctuary entirely covered with marble and gilding. Following a striking miracle, the cult of Saint Rosalie spread to the Indies and her name became popular in the Orient.
Invention of the relics and miracle of the plague
In 1624, while the plague was ravaging Palermo, her body was discovered intact in the stone; its public exhibition brought the epidemic to an end.
She is represented: 1° carving on the entrance of her cave the formula of the vow she made to spend her days in this retreat; 2° crowned with white roses, in memory of her name and her virginity.
Iconography and sources
The saint is traditionally depicted carving her vow or crowned with roses, her acts being documented by the Bollandists.
Acta Sanctorum Acta Sanctorum Monumental hagiographic collection by the Bollandists. , September 4th. — One can see in this collection (volume II of September), a series of twenty-three magnificent engravings, representing the various phases of the Saint's life.
Other saints mentioned
The text also mentions Saint Lawrence Justinian, Patriarch of Venice, and Saint Victorinus, Bishop of Amiternum.
Saint LAWRENCE JUSTINIA Saint LAURENT JUSTINIEN First Patriarch of Venice. N, first Patriarch of Ve nice, Venise Final location of the transfer of relics in 1200. who, by his virtues and his miracles, honored the episcopal chair to which he was, against his will, raised on this day. His death is mentioned on January 8. 1455. — In a suburb of Rome, Saint Victo rinus, bishop saint Victorin Bishop of Amiternum and martyr. and martyr, who, illustrious for his holiness and his miracles, was elected Bishop of Am iternum Amiterno City of which Victorinus was elected bishop. by all the people of
Annexes & related entities
Structured data for exploration: events, miracles, quotes, places, attributes, patronages, and important entities cited in the text.
Key Events
- Born in Palermo in 1130
- Withdrew from the world at the age of fourteen to preserve her virginity
- Hermit life in a cave on Mount Quisquina
- Settled on Mount Pellegrino to escape her family's search
- Died after eighteen years of austere life
- Miraculous discovery of her body in 1624 during a plague epidemic
Miracles
- Apparition of the Blessed Virgin to advise a solitary life
- Guided by two angels to her retreats
- Body enveloped in a stone as transparent as alabaster
- Sudden cessation of the plague in Palermo in 1625 after the exposition of her relics
Quotes
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Ego Rosalia, Sinibaldi Quisquini et Rosarum domini filia, amore Domini mei Jesu Christi in hoc antro habitare decrevi
Inscription carved by the saint in her grotto