April 28th 4th century

Saint Theodora of Alexandria

Virgin and Martyr

Feast
April 28th
Death
304 (martyre)
Categories
virgin , martyr
Associated Places
Alexandria (EG)

A noble virgin of Alexandria, Theodora refused to sacrifice to idols and was condemned to infamy. She was saved from a place of debauchery by the Christian Didymus, who exchanged his clothes with her. Both eventually obtained the crown of martyrdom by beheading in 304 under Diocletian.

Guided reading

7 reading sections

SAINT THEODORA AND SAINT DIDYMUS, MARTYRS

Life 01 / 07

The interrogation of Theodora

Theodora is brought before the prefect Eustratius Proculus in Alexandria, where she affirms her freedom as a Christian despite threats of prostitution.

Your heart is strong, because you love chastity. July, XV, 11.

Eustratius Proculus, Augustal Prefect of Alexandria, had the virgin Theodora brought to his Théodora Virgin and martyr in Alexandria in the 4th century. tribunal. He began the interrogation by asking her of what condition she was. "I am a Christian," replied Theodora. — The Prefect: "Are you a slave or of free condition?" — Theodora: "I am a Christian. Jesus Christ, coming into the world, has set me free, and besides, I was born of parents whom the world calls free." — The Prefect: "Let the curator of the city be brought." — When he had arrived, the Prefect asked him what he knew of Theodora. He said that he knew her to be free and of a very good family of the city. The Prefect, addressing Theodora: "Why, being born of noble parents, are you not married?" — Theodora: "It is to please Jesus Christ. By becoming man, He delivered us from corruption, and I hope that He will preserve me from it, if I am faithful." — The Prefect: "The emperors order that virgins sacrifice to the gods or be exposed in a place of prostitution." — Theodora: "I believe that you are not unaware that God, in every action, looks at the will; if therefore I persist in the resolution to keep my soul pure, I shall not be guilty of the violence that may be done to me." — The Prefect: "Your birth and your beauty inspire in me feelings of compassion for you; but this compassion will be useless to you if you do not obey. Yes, I swear it by the gods, either you will sacrifice, or you will become the disgrace of your family and the refuse of honest people."

Theology 02 / 07

The debate on virginity

The saint refuses to sacrifice to idols, affirming that her purity depends on her will and the protection of Jesus Christ.

The Prefect insisted again on the decree of the emperors; but the Saint always gave the same answer, then she added: "If you have them cut off a hand, an arm, my head, will it be I who will be guilty? Will it not rather be the one who commits this violence? I am united to God by the vow of virginity that I have made to Him; my body and my soul belong to Him: I abandon myself into His hands; He will know how to preserve my faith and my chastity." — The Prefect: "Remember your birth and do not cover your family with eternal disgrace." — Theodora: "Jesus Christ is the source of true honor; it is from Him that my soul draws all its beauty: He will be powerful enough to snatch His dove from the claws of the hawk." — The Prefect: "How I pity your blindness! Can you put your trust in a crucified man? Is there any reason to believe that He will defend your chastity in an infamous place?" — Theodora: "Yes, I believe and I firmly believe that this Jesus, who suffered under Pontius Pilate, will deliver me from the hands of those who h Ponce-Pilate Roman governor mentioned in the confession of faith of Theodora. ave conspired for my ruin, and that He will keep me pure and without stain. Judge, after that, if I can renounce Him."

The Prefect: "I have been listening to you with patience for a long time; but finally, if you persist in your obstinacy, I will have no more regard for you than for the lowest of slaves." — Theodora: "I abandon my body to you, as you are indeed its master; but as for my soul, it is in the power of God alone." — The Prefect: "Let her be given two slaps to cure her of her madness and to teach her to sacrifice to the gods." — Theodora: "By Jesus Christ, who is my protector, I will not sacrifice to demons, and I will never resolve to worship them." — The Prefect: "Must you force me to publicly inflict such an affront upon a girl of your station! You have reached the height of madness." — Theodora: "This holy madness, which makes us confess the living God, is true wisdom, and what you call an affront will be for me the beginning of an eternal glory." — The Prefect: "In the end, I am losing patience, and I am going to have the edict executed. I would make myself guilty of disobedience toward the emperors if I delayed any longer in punishing yours." — Theodora: "You fear displeasing a man; how can you make it a crime for me that I fear displeasing the sovereign Master of heaven and earth?" — The Prefect: "Do you not fear showing contempt for the ordinances of the emperors and abusing my patience? Well! I give you three days to think maturely about what you have to do; but once this term has expired, if I do not find you submissive, by the gods, I will have you exposed in a place of debauchery, so that no woman will be tempted to imitate you." — Theodora: "You only have to suppose the three days already expired, for I will not change my sentiment. There is a God who will take care of me. Do therefore what you please. If, however, you grant me the three days, I have a favor to ask of you: it is that no attempt be made upon my honor before you have rendered your judgment." — The Prefect: "That is just. Thus I order that Theodora be guarded for three days; I want no violence to be done to her, and for her to be treated in a manner consistent with her birth."

Martyrdom 03 / 07

The condemnation to infamy

After a three-day delay, Theodora is led to a place of debauchery where she prays to God to protect her chastity.

The three days having passed, the Prefect had Theodora brought to him. As he saw that she still persisted in her initial resolution, he said to her: "The fear of incurring the indignation of the emperors compels me to execute their orders. Take the path of sacrificing, or I shall pronounce the sentence. We shall see if your Jesus Christ, for whom you persist in your refusal to obey, will deliver you from the infamy to which you are about to be condemned." — Theodora: "Let that not worry you. The God who has been the guardian of my purity until now will make Himself its protector against the violence of any lost men who might wish to attempt it."

The sentence having been pronounced, Theodora was led to a place of debauchery. Upon entering, she raised her eyes to heaven and said: "Almighty God, Father of Our Lord Jesus Christ, help your servant, and remove her from this infamous place. You who delivered Saint P eter from pr saint Pierre Apostle mentioned for the setting of the procession date. ison, without him having suffered any outrage, deign to be the protector and guardian of my chastity, so that everyone may recognize that I am yours."

Meanwhile, a troop of libertines rushed to the house; they already looked upon this innocent beauty as a prey that could not escape them; but Jesus Christ watched over the guard of his spouse, and he sent one of his servants to deliver her.

Miracle 04 / 07

The sacrifice of Didymus

The young Christian Didymus enters the brothel disguised as a soldier to exchange his clothes with Theodora and allow her escape.

There was among the Christians of Alexandria a young man full of zeal for the glory of God: his name was Didymus . Burn Didyme A young Christian from Alexandria who saved Theodora before suffering martyrdom with her. ing with the desire to pull the Saint from danger, he dressed as a soldier and boldly entered the place where she was. Theodora, seeing him approach, felt all the blood in her veins turn to ice. She fled before him and ran through every corner of the place where she was confined. Didymus said to her: "Fear nothing, my sister; I am not what I appear to you, I am your brother in Jesus Christ: I have had recourse to this disguise to snatch you from this place. Give me your clothes and take mine. Save yourself then, and I will remain in your place." Theodora did what Didymus required of her; she dressed as a soldier, pulled a hat down over her eyes, and left without being recognized by anyone. Her liberator had recommended that she walk with her eyes lowered, without stopping, without speaking to anyone at all, and to affect the shameful demeanor and embarrassed haste of a man leaving such places. When she saw herself out of all danger, her soul took flight toward heaven, and she expressed her gratitude to the God who had just delivered her.

Martyrdom 05 / 07

The trial of Didymus

Discovered by the authorities, Didymus confesses his act and his Christian faith, accepting the death sentence with joy.

Some time later, a libertine entered and was extremely surprised to find a man instead of a woman. When he had heard the account of what had happened, he went out and went to inform his companions. The judge, informed of the matter, sent for the young man and asked his name. The latter replied that his name was Didymus. — The Prefect: "Who engaged you to do what you have done?" — Didymus: "God himself commanded me to do it." — The Prefect: "Before I have you put to the question, declare where Theodora is." — Didymus: "I swear to you that I know nothing about it. All I can tell you is that she is a true servant of God and that He has kept her pure and chaste for having confessed His Son, Jesus Christ." — The Prefect: "What is your status?" — Didymus: "I am a Christian and a freedman of Jesus Christ." — The Prefect: "Let him be given the question twice as hard as usual, to punish the excess of his insolence." — Didymus: "I pray you to execute punctually the orders of your masters regarding me." — The Prefect: "By the gods, you can expect to be tormented as you deserve, unless you sacrifice. Obedience is the only means that remains for you to obtain grace for your first crime." — Didymus: "I have already given you proof that I do not fear suffering for the cause of Jesus Christ. In acting as I did, I proposed two things to myself: to save a virgin from infamy, and to publicly confess the God whom I adore. I hope to emerge victorious from all the torments to which you may condemn me. The sight of the cruelest death will never determine me to sacrifice to demons." — The Prefect: "I order that, in punishment for his audacity, his head be cut off and his body be burned." — Didymus: "Blessed be the God and Father of Our Lord Jesus Christ, for not having rejected my vows, for having delivered Theodora, His servant, and for having judged me worthy of a double crown." In accordance with the judge's sentence, Didymus's head was cut off, and his body was burned. Here end the acts of the holy Martyrs.

Martyrdom 06 / 07

The final martyrdom

Theodora joins Didymus at the place of execution; after a pious dispute for the crown of martyrdom, they are both beheaded.

Saint Ambrose, who recounts the story of Theodora, says that she ran to the place where Didymus was being executed, and that she wished to die in his place. He paints a beautiful picture of the pious contest that took place between them. Theodora confessed to Didymus that she was indebted to him for the preservation of her honor; but she added that she had not intended to yield her crown to him. "It is for my chastity," she said to him, "that you became my surety, not for my life; as long as my virginity was in danger, it was well that you answered for me. It is not so when my life is demanded; I am in a state to pay such a debt. Moreover, the sentence was rendered only because of me. The flight was the occasion of your death. I did not flee so as not to die, but so as not to be dishonored. My honor is no longer at risk. My body is capable of suffering for Jesus Christ."

Theodora and Didymus obtained what they desired; they were both beheaded; but Didymus won the palm of martyrdom first. He is counted among those who suffered under Diocletian in Alexandria, in 304. Both Saints are named in the Roman Martyrology und er April 2 Dioclétien Roman emperor under whom the martyrdom is said to have taken place. 8.

Source 07 / 07

Posterity and historical sources

The text mentions the saint's iconography and specifies that the account is based on authentic acts and the testimony of Saint Ambrose.

Saint Theodora is depicted veiled, to express either her confusion or the change of her garments.

We have substituted the Acts of the holy Mart Père Giry French hagiographer, author of the version of the narrative presented. yrs themselves for Father Giry's narrative, a portion of which was copied from public registers and the rest written by an eyewitness.

Official source Les Petits Bollandistes, by Mgr Paul GUÉRIN, chamberlain to His Holiness Pius IX.

Annexes & related entities

Structured data for exploration: events, miracles, quotes, places, attributes, patronages, and important entities cited in the text.

Key Events

  1. Interrogation by the prefect Eustratius Proculus
  2. Sentenced to be exposed in a place of debauchery
  3. Deliverance by Didymus who exchanged his clothes with her
  4. Pious contest with Didymus for the palm of martyrdom
  5. Decapitation

Miracles

  1. Miraculous preservation of her chastity through the intervention of Didymus

Quotes

  • Jesus Christ is the source of true honor; it is from him that my soul draws all its beauty: he will be powerful enough to snatch his dove from the claws of the hawk. Theodora before the Prefect
  • This holy folly, which makes us confess the living God, is true wisdom. Theodora

Important entities

Ranked by relevance in the text